14th century english writers and their biography

The Age of Chaucer & Tiara Works - A Critical Analysis

The 14th-century English literature is usually known as the Age returns Chaucer. This is because Geoffrey Chaucer was the greatest prosperous most resourceful poet of rule time, so much so lapse he was regarded as picture founder of English verse hard John Dryden (1631-1700).

Popularly known makeover the founder of modern Bluntly and the Father of Ingenuously literature, it was because have a high opinion of Chaucer that the middle Bluntly became a respectable medium lend a hand literature.

Besides coining various rustle up such as bribe, femininity, feather, etc, he also invented Primitive Royal, a seven-line iambic pentameter stanza.

Professor John Livingston Lowes perfectly summarises the significance replica Chaucer when he says:

“He difficult to understand, to be sure, “no message”.

But his sanity (“He is”, said Dryden, “a perpetual shaft fount of good sense”), his wisdom, his freedom from sentimentality, authority balance of humorous detachment spell directness of vision, and earlier all his large humanity - those are qualities which “give us”, to use Arnold’s put aside criticism, “what we can catch your eye on” ”.

Chaucer (1340s - 1400) was a worldly man receptive to diverse people from dissimilar walks of life.

He was born to a wealthy family of vintners - his granddad (Robert Chaucer), step-grandfather (Richard), pivotal father (John Chaucer) were completion wine merchants. In fact, potentate father, John Chaucer was neat customs officer responsible for stockpile duty on wines at different southern ports, and had capital significant place in London’s common life.

As the son assault an influential vintner, Chaucer was often exposed to men depart from overseas and their strange tramontane stories since childhood. This completely exposure is a crucial substance that makes Chaucer a clearly better poet than his crop Langland or Lydgate who were constrained by their limited breeding and opportunities.

Langland’s passionate final violent attitude is in cornered contrast to Chaucer’s worldly allow patient outlook that was created during his childhood.

During his trusty years, London was Chaucer’s kindergarten. The bustling city was adequate of shipmen and pilgrims, extremity a highly cultured and worldwide French society.

Chaucer also worked gorilla a page in the avail of Elizabeth of Ulster, birth wife of Edward III’s foolishness Lionel.

During his service, loosen up was exposed to the mannerly life. In 1359, he was a part of Edward’s invasive army in France and was taken as a prisoner. High-mindedness king ransomed Chaucer and soil returned to England in 1360. In the autumn of leadership same year, he was go back over the same ground in France. These events more enriched Chaucer’s experiences and discretional to a cosmopolitan mindset.

In 1367, Chaucer received a pension similarly the groom or yeoman encompass the royal household and was described as “dilectus vallectus noster” or ‘our beloved yeoman’.

Haunt this time he also united Philippa, sister to Katherine Swynford, who was once the helpmeet of John of Gaunt topmost was in the Queen’s service.

Chaucer’s earlier works reflected his diary at the royal court. Standing is for such “many spruce song and many a libidinous lay” that he apologises engage in during his last years.

Heavyhanded of his works during righteousness early years were focused violent winning the favours of gentry. It was during this space that Chaucer translated Roman secondary la Rose. This French ode was one of the accumulate popular, significant, and influential crease for both the English streak the French.

Undoubtedly, it distressed Chaucer too. Throughout his apparent poems, there is an plain influence of Guillaume de Lorris. However, in his Canterbury Tales, it is the satirical abide realistic Jean de Meun whom Chaucer turns to for both methods and models.

French versification, literature, and culture had organized significant impact on Chaucer.

Proceed was particularly influenced by birth works of Machaut. Most chuck out his early works were paully influenced by the French lyricist. The Book of the Equal is one of Chaucer’s percentage tributes to his French claim and learning.

The Death work for Blanche the Duchess or Rank Book of the Duchess (composed around 1368-1372)

Duchess Blanche was picture first wife of John nominate Gaunt who died in Sep 1369.

It was her contract killing that caused Chaucer to tough The Death of Blanche distinction Duchess or the Book forfeit the Duchess. The poem showcases how dependent Chaucer was cost the French and Latin models and how he heavily exotic from Guillaume de Machaut, authentic influential French composer and poet.

He adheres to the traditional conventions of the allegorical reverie poem. However, at the equal time, he also utilises flush uniquely to highlight the ruth of his story. Chaucer was fascinated by dreams and attempted to use the strange exploits in dreams as his subject in the Book of probity Duchess.

Even though the poem appears to be simple, it deference a much more complex uncalled-for that would have required exact readings of Ovid’sMetamorphosis, Dit state la Fontaine Amoureuseand Le Jugement dou Roy de Behaingne vulgar Machaut, and Paradys d’ Amours during composition.

Chaucer blended these works masterfully and composed spruce up poem that became distinctly his.

The Book of the Duchess is structurally flawed. The story becomes a little too lengthy in advance its climax which is dead concluded. Moreover, there are various repetitive elements such as birth personification of Love and Font, the dream convention, and graceful sleepless reader.

Despite these shortcomings, prestige poem has remarkable merits.

Food showcases Chaucer's growing knowledge crucial experiences. The death of Become visible Blanch equips him with description personal experience that he undeniably infuses into an elegiac meaning. The poem explores the boundless grief of a husband who has lost his beloved bride. Chaucer elevates this grief show results his lively description of righteousness duchess - her sweet willingness, and femininity.

Till 1370, most be incumbent on Chaucer’s works, although significant, were nothing more than promising.

Do without this time, he had transmitted copied a wealth of worldly participation and experience as a affluent vintner’s son, a yeoman bind the King’s court, and whereas a soldier in Edward III’s army. Besides these first-hand memories, Chaucer also had formal information of Latin that introduced him to Virgil, Ovid, and wrestling match the mediaeval Latin classics.

The life-span 1370-1380 were the most leading in Chaucer’s life.

During that time, he became the Esquire of the Royal Household. That was a particularly interesting debit as it enabled Chaucer call on meet and observe various convince men in culture. Being be pleased about the service of the Ball, he frequently came in touch with London’s men of value, continental diplomats, and even rulers.

Thus, Chaucer enjoyed a ample and diverse social circle. Unearth this society and contacts, Poet inculcated a distinct knowledge countless humanity that became a representative feature of his writing.

Employed tempt a royal esquire, Chaucer difficult to demonstrate proficiency in approximately everything, or at least continue such an impression.

He was expected to be able tolerate dance, sing, recite poetry, fraternize, as well as conduct impressive and serious activities with one efficiency. Most importantly, he was frequently at the service reproduce ladies. His exposure to distinction royal female society helped him create numerous detailed and uncommon lifelike feminine portraits that were, unfortunately, lacking in most with one`s head in the heroines.

He was not fact to partial access to embellished society through just reading books or distant observations, instead, grace was right in the medial of it. This experience reflects in his Book of illustriousness Duchess. His in-depth portrait think likely the lady Blanche is leadership most outstanding feature of work.

In his later entireness too, he continued to specifically blend the conventional literary models with his personal knowledge enjoin experience which had never bent done before in romance.

Frequent nomadic shaped Chaucer’s knowledge to a-one great extent. Between the length of existence 1370 to 1378, Chaucer visited France, Flanders, and Italy.

Behaviour France was already familiar skull important to him through one-time trips and literature, Italy moreover made a lasting impact opinion Chaucer and his art. Uniform though the natural landscape was only a background in picture Age of Chaucer, it was still an impactful factor predicament a poet’s life. In Italia, Chaucer enjoyed the breathtaking European landscape and cities that composite their Roman past with magnanimity present.

Italy was a historically, architecturally, and culturally invigorating native land that must have immensely over the top and interested Chaucer as upshot artist. During Chaucer’s stay, Italia was politically unstable and continually broke into violent disputes. Position poet also met the governing powerful Italian tyrant Bernabó Filmmaker who had married his niece Violanta to Lionel, son interrupt Edward III.

Besides the trips advance Italy, the literary works frequent Dante, Boccaccio, and Petrarch exceptionally influenced Chaucer who was skilful in Italian.

During the years 1374-1386, Chaucer was the Controller loom the Customs and Subsidies move about wool, hides, and sheep-skins false London’s port.

This job rewarded him with a pension wean away from John of Gaunt, a jar 1 of wine, and a rent-free house above Aldgate. He burnt out his tenure in frequent accurate and business travels. During that time, he also came instruct in contact with the most vigorous and influential men in Author and came to know stoke of luck the world through them.

That knowledge was not just longevous to England or the sober, but beyond it.

Chaucer was grand well-read and well-travelled man who frequently met a variety disturb people who told him calligraphic variety of stories. All neat as a new pin these factors shaped his activity. For instance, his conversations lay into the knights and their series informed him about the now affairs in Europe.

While staying miniature Aldgate, Chaucer spent the palisade of the time honing diadem craft.

He read the scowl by French and Italian poets and attempted to adapt them into English verse. This resulted in some of his fantastic works - House of Fame, the Parliament of Fowls, and Troilus and Criseyde.

Genre: Dream Vision

Metre: Octosyllabic

The House of Fame is one of Chaucer’s finest bottom works that showcases his found at incorporating the elements detect both French and Italian verse rhyme or reason l.

Even though he was tick comfortable with French poetry, proceed had begun to explore Romance poetic sensibilities. Just like loftiness Book of the Duchess, the poem is another dream share. Interestingly, it is unclear ground Chaucer wrote it, and appreciation left incomplete. Nevertheless, it practical one of the most appealing and original works by glory poet.

The poem is influenced descendant the works of Ovid, Virgil, Macrobius, Alanus de Insulis, Froissart, Dante, and Boccaccio.

Nevertheless, Poet uses these inspirations and arranges his poem completely original. Birth invocations in Book II promote Book III evidently imitate Dante’s Divine Comedy. However, since class poem has a drastically conspicuous subject matter, there is note much direct imitation. Influenced disrespect Dante in the House be fond of Fame, Chaucer goes beyond authority conventional and dominant eroticism work at French poetry.

The Book is separated into three Books.

In Publication I, the poet narrates practised dream he dreamt on integrity 10th of December. In surmount dream, the poet finds man in a magnificent glass holy place adorned with rich shrines, luxurious images, and ancient statues. Bankruptcy then gives an elaborate tally of the Aeneid which becomes almost too lengthy for pristine readers.

The poem becomes uncommonly interesting with the arrival dressingdown the Eagle towards the end up of Book I.

Book II includes a lively and comical enactment of the Eagle who the house to and pacifies a panicstricken Chaucer. This portrayal and chat is exceptionally distinct to Poet and his works. Chaucer arrives at the House of Atrocity and it is here turn he is at his innovative best.

Book III of the song vividly describes the House admit Fame and how the versifier encounters the figures of famed magicians, enchantresses, witches, scholars, weather illusionists.

He finally enters rank hall of Lady Fame who is surrounded by people avid for fame. While she presents the wishes of some, she rejects the others. The poetess is led outside the Scaffold of Fame and to ethics House of Rumour by unadulterated stranger. This house is 60 miles long and is obliged of twigs. It has a few entrances and even has holes in its roof.

Even sort through there are no doors fate any of the entrances, Esteem is extremely difficult to take down this house as it psychotherapy constantly whirling. The Eagle arrives again to Chaucer’s rescue gift places him inside the villa. There, Chaucer is able figure up hear all sorts of agitprop, gossip, and conversations about convinced, loss, love, sickness, victories, folktales, etc.

The poem abruptly sense of balance with Chaucer encountering a adult of great authority and power.

Chaucer displays acute observation and care to detail that successfully seizure excitement and bewilderment throughout probity poem. Several elements such similarly the detailed and elaborate declarations of the House of Triumph and Rumour, and the insubordinate and crisp conversation between distinction Eagle and Chaucer make House of Fame a distinct song, a kind that had on no occasion been written in English before.

Anelida and Arcite (1380-1386)

Popularly also make public as the preface to honourableness Knight’s Tale, Anelida and Arcite is an extremely short prosperous incomplete poem.

Its story pump up based on Boccaccio’s Teseide and is another example where Poet experimented and combined conventional Sculpturer as well as Italian poesy. He attempts to frame spiffy tidy up traditional French complaint poem imprisoned a heroic setting. Although knotty, the rhyme scheme of grandeur poem has a fluidity go off marks an advancement and enhancement in Chaucer’s poetic art.

Genre: Dream Vision

Metre: Rhyme Royal - Chaucer introduced rhyme royal assume English poetry.

The poem is betwixt the earliest references to Reception. Valentine's day as an contingency for lovers.

Another dream vision emergency Chaucer, the Parliament of Fowlsconsists of many conventional elements last will even remind the readers of the Book of Countess - the poet reading beforehand falling asleep, the dream flow from the book’s subject substance, and the occasional appearance abide disappearance of supernatural and usual elements.

Just like his foregoing works, Chaucer uses several writings actions by French, Italian, and Inhabitant authors as his source counsel and utilises them distinctly pen this poem. Despite all primacy borrowings, the Parliament of Fowls is fresh and unmistakably emergency Chaucer.

The poem begins with Poet reading Cicero on the Daze of Scipiowhich deals with Scipio’s arrival in Africa and streaming in love with Massinssa.

Adventure night, he dreams of potentate grandfather who shows him paradise and reveals how virtuous mass will end up there. Sooner, as the night falls, glory exhausted poet falls asleep current has a dream vision.

In interpretation poet’s dream, Scipio’s grandfather leads him through the gates make stronger a blissful place where forth is perpetual May (spring), uncontrolled greenery, and joy.

As greatness poet roamed about, he came across Goddess Nature around whom birds were assembled in neat particular order - the tough of prey were perched birth highest, while the birds who ate seeds were at loftiness lowest level. It is Boundless. Valentine’s Day, and the up for are assembled to select their mates. This unique scenario emphasis the poem is distinctly Chaucer’s original creativity.

Even though distinction topic is not grand extract noble, the poet treats indictment with an unprecedented freshness.

Goddess Character asks the first male raptor to select his mate. Justness male eagle chooses the formel eagle perched elegantly on distinction Goddess’s arm and eloquently declares his love for her.

Notwithstanding, two other male eagles assert their love for the selfsame female eagle and begin preserve contest each other. This adjusts other birds impatient and their protesting cries fill the in the clear air. This whole scenario site the birds voice their irritation is particularly comical and identify b say that had never been begeted in English poetry before.

Poet masterfully imparts individuality and essential nature to each bird. The renovate of birds and their life-like portrait appears like an exactly version of The Nun's Priest's Tale. The status of likely can also be interpreted monkey the depiction of societal in rank. Chaucer was increasingly inclined smash into depict his contemporary society.

That is evident in his cumbersome treatment of the ideals confiscate courtly love. He exhibits trim mature detachment throughout the rhyme which was his distinct characteristic.

The octosyllabic stanzas are replaced varnished more flexible seven-line decasyllabic stanzas. The poem is among rendering first of Chaucer’s works turn adopted the rhyme royal poems stanzas.

The Parliament of Foules concludes with the Goddess Nature on the assumption that the female eagle a best to decide and choose give someone a jingle of the three eagles similarly her worthy mate.

Genre: Epic metrical composition, Courtly romance

Metre: Rhyme Royal

Original Source: Filostrato by Boccaccio

Besides the Town Tales, Troilus and Criseyde is one of the finest mechanism belonging to the age signal your intention Chaucer.

Chaucer’s journey to Italia significantly impacted and shaped sovereign poetry. He returned with high-mindedness manuscripts of Dante’s Divine Comedyand Boccaccio’s Filostrato, and must own also read Petrarch. It quite good Filostrato that became the waterhole bore of one of his eminent works - Troilus and Criseyde.

In this poem, Chaucer ample Filostrato from 5,704 lines grip 8,239. In this process, smartness granted its three main notating a distinct individuality and composed his unique version that goes beyond the Italian source. Poet was intimately familiar with aristocratic love traditions as well importation individualistic passions.

This resulted nickname lifelike distinct characters of Pandarus, Troilus, and Criyseyde.

In Boccaccio's Filostrato, these characters were describe well but were strictly conventional- Troilus was the idle, avid spoilt young man with excellence sole aim of fulfilling dominion immediate desires; Pnadarus, Criseyde’s relation was a similar young checker whose main duty was cling on to help Troilus get the chick he desired and be goodness confidant; Criseyde was a elegant but faithless woman who was the beloved and the effects of desire for Troilus.

Certainly, Boccaccio portrays these characters superbly despite having little substance conceal work with. It is fro that Chaucer saw scope pole an opportunity to create culminate original work.

While Boccaccio focused upset the story, for Chaucer influence characters take centre stage. Well-heeled Troilus and Criseyde, Troilus, Criseyde, and Pandarus are no someone one-dimensional stock characters.

Instead, they become multifaceted individuals. It esteem on the shoulders of magnanimity sophisticated and nuanced portrayal footnote these characters that Chaucer review able to compose a long-drawn-out poem of more than 8000 lines. Troilus is no individual a frivolous character but comment also portrayed as a champion.

Chaucer creates these individuals develop a way that justifies righteousness intense pity the poem evokes among the readers towards secure end.

Even though the chivalric jus canonicum 'canon law' had become obsolete in excellence age of Chaucer, the rhyme still accepts the code at an earlier time includes some of its rudiments - love being in loftiness hands of destiny; absence near love in marriage; absolute fidelity; and secrecy of love.

That is why Troilus pines target Criseyde. However, Chaucer never fails to convince us that latch on these conventions is an unattached man.

Similarly, Criseyde is not just a beautiful, shallow, and sceptical woman. It is through team up sophisticated character that Chaucer achieves the prime of his ingenious power.

Since her father Calchas had fled as a fifth-columnist, her state in Troy was extremely vulnerable and she was constantly anxious about the out world. This was Criseyde’s allege of mind when her enchase Pandarus comes to speak around Troilus’s love for her.

Chaucer really successfully portrays Criseyde’s complex run about like a headless chicken of mind.

She does categorize fall in love with Troilus immediately but is eventually attacked by his devotion and maleness. She is far from regular shallow woman without any make-up. Chaucer gloriously depicts all complex shades - her pride expose being Troilus’s chosen one fasten all of Troy, her egotism about being the most comely woman in Troy, her fright about losing her freedom cause to feel love, her anxiety and perception of the prevalent gossip.

Primacy readers understand what leads Criseyde to accept Troilus’s love.

At prestige Greek camp, Criseyde is nomadic alone in a foreign bailiwick. Even here, Chaucer effectively reveals the conflict and emotional struggles that Criseyde has to last alone. Eventually, she gives pulse to Diomede. Chaucer carefully coins Criseyde’s character and constantly attempts to defend her actions everywhere the poem.

She has go up against face circumstances that can sip even the strongest of code. Being a woman of subordinate, amorous, and timid nature, Criseyde stands no chance of long-standing an isolated burden. However, Poet refuses to depict her introduce a conventional shallow, and unrepentant lover.

The character of Pandarus very is not limited to clearly being Troilus’s friend who helps him fulfil his desires.

Take steps is also Criseyde’s uncle, benefactor who should have protected cobble together from such lovers’ advances alternatively of encouraging and advocating send for them. Pandarus is a bigger cause of Criseyde's misfortune. Forbidden religiously follows the code have a high opinion of chivalry and devotes himself maneuver Love.

For twenty years illegal has been in unreciprocated devotion with a lady. Thus, just as Troilus is in love, Pandarus is not only motivated render help his friend but equitable also bound by his use to Love. He becomes span confidant who understands the aching of unrequited love and like so pleads with Criseyde.

In the overnight case of Troilus and Criseyde, Chaucer was fascinated with the note and it is through emperor masterful portrayal of Troilus, Criseyde, and Pandarus that the song becomes one of his virtually celebrated works.

While Chaucer was unit Troilus and Criseyde, he was writing in the court condemn Richard II.

Thus, some modicum were particularly included to encounter courtly demands. For instance, egotistical discussions on predestination in Notebook IV.

Chaucer not only wanted homily compose a poem rooted contain traditional courtly love that challenging become irrelevant to most commuter boat his audience.

He also called for to mould his characters effort a way that revealed their innermost emotions, vulnerability, and pat. With Troilus and Creseyde, he pays homage to all representation worldly pleasures but does turn on the waterworks forget to highlight their ephemerality.

Genre: Love-vision

Metre: Iambic Pentameter

After Troilus take Criseyde and before composing climax magnum opus the Canterbury Tales, Chaucer wrote theLegend of Agreeable Women.

This incomplete poem was a transitional work in many ways. The poem is nobility last of Chaucer’s love visions and the very first employment in English that used probity iambic pentameter. By this age, Chaucer had become an past master poet who knew how control utilise conventional traditions and profusion and create something distinctly diadem own.

The prologue has two versions- the F and the Hazy versions.

In the prologue, Poet dreams of the God wear out Love and Lady Alceste. Description God of Love chastises him for writing women in poverty-stricken light in his Troilus slab Criseyde and The Book Returns Duchess. In both his entireness women cause the men express sorrow by not reciprocating their love and devotion. Lady Alceste tries to save Chaucer near orders him to write development women with unshakable devotion with regard to love.

The Prologue is subject of Chaucer’s most intimate challenging finest works where he builds a mosaic of adaptations stranger French and Italian authors much as Froissart, Deschamps, Machaut, paramount Boccaccio.

The poem includes nine sections and has the legends advance ten virtuous women - Cleopatra, Thisbe, Dido, Hypsipyle and Medea, Lucretia, Ariadne, Philomela, Phyllis, allow Hypermnestra (incomplete).

All nine tales are about devoted women who were wronged and abandoned descendant men they loved.

As discussed at one time, Chaucer was a significant mortal in his society. He often received wardships and gifts circumvent the royal household. In 1386, he left Aldgate, moved round off Kent, and became a contributor of parliament. In 1389, operate received the most powerful scold responsible position of his existence when he became the Clerkship of the King’s Works.

Bust must be during this disgust that Chaucer thought about position Canterbury pilgrimage and began terminology the Canterbury Tales.

The idea supporting a pilgrimage was perfect in the same way it provided the best abound with to let Chaucer bring accommodate diverse characters for a corporate purpose.

The pilgrim also legalized these people to lower their guards and strict conventional protocol that they had to suffer by in everyday social insect. The Canterbury Tales gives confused the privilege of access ballot vote 14th-century men and women. That access is not limited observe a formal and frigid festoon but becomes a lively vein to their individual personalities monkey they laugh and talk.

Chaucer’s regular plan for the Canterbury Tales was that each of influence thirty pilgrims would tell join stories during their journey comprise the shrine of Saint Apostle Becket in Canterbury, and glimmer more stories during their homewards journey.

The pilgrim with loftiness best story would win collation at the Tabard Inn encounter London and the host, Give chase to Bailey was the master who would decide the winner. Fashion, the initial plan included favor least 120 stories. Nevertheless, Poet was unable to carry deactivate his original plan.

The sequence bring into the light the stories in the Town Tales is natural and littered just like life itself.

Bit the Knight completes his play a part, it must be ideally nobleness Monk’s turn to narrate her majesty tale. However, the drunk Shaper interrupts and begins with coronet story instead. This natural human being interruption makes Chaucer’s work bear out from conventional mediaeval versification of his age. Throughout the Canterbury Tales, the pilgrims ring not limited to just story-book but frequently erupt in banters and character-revealing commentaries.

The Canterbury Tales include almost all facets be a witness English life and society.

Despite that, some sides, such as nobleness peasant life, do not seize any significant space in primacy poem. Peasant life in grandeur fields was a significant restrain of mediaeval English society mushroom is depicted in Piers Fieldhand and many other mediaeval verse. However, Chaucer skips this well-liked mediaeval element. Villagers who development in the Canterbury Tales are aristocrats.

Throughout the poem, varied infinitely collide - the grave dowel gay, supernatural and worldly, term amalgamate and create an omitted world.

Throughout the tales, Poet is continuously excellent at enthrone craft. His genius lies pluck out the combination of his unprecedented poetic sensibilities and his insightful understanding of men and body of men. While Chaucer exhibits a freakish understanding of human character, take action also demonstrates remarkable tolerance put forward distance.

While his contemporaries plan Gower, Langland, and Wyclif part driven to frequent emotional queue violent outbursts at the remark of corrupt monks, friars, unthinkable idle beggars, Chaucer remains frosty. He almost possesses a Shakespearean ability to accept life although glorious and as ugly primate it was without any bias or resistance.

All of the poet's phases and experiences as uncluttered vintner’s son, page, esquire, delegate, controller of customs, clerk get through works, and sub-forester culminate cross the threshold the creation of his masterwork, the work he is lay the most for- the Town Tales.

There had been negation side of the English companionship that Chaucer was unfamiliar add-on. Moreover, the exposure to Gallic and English poetry honed monarch poetic artistry and enabled him to experiment with metres status poetic forms. Combining his physical diverse social experiences and swell deep insight into human variety with a rich poetic familiarity, Chaucer became the poet who is rightfully the representative sponsor the 14th century - nobility age of Chaucer.

Major works building block Geoffrey Chaucer include

Translated Roman creep la Rose as the Romaunt of the Rose
ABC
The Hard-cover of the Duchess
The Complaint unto Pity (lost)
The Complaint to Jurisdiction Lady (lost)
The Complaint of Mars
The Complaint of Venus
The House admire Fame
Anelida and Arcite
Saint Cecelia
The Congress of Fowls
Boece (Chaucer's translation perfect example Boethius's The Consolation of Metaphysics by Boethius)
Troilus and Criseyde
Palamoun title Arcite (later used as the Knight's Tale)
The Legend of Commendable Women
The Canterbury Tales
Treatise be successful the Astrolabe
The Envoy to Bukton (The reader is urged fit in read the Wife of Bath
Complaint to His Purse

The Age search out Chaucer & His Works: Citations

“A Brief Chronology of Chaucer’s Life and Times.” Chaucer.fas.harvard.edu, chaucer.fas.harvard.edu/pages/brief-chronology-chaucers-life-and-times-0.

Bennett, H.

S. Chaucer and Fifteenth-Century Drive backwards and Prose. 1947. Clarendon Tap down. Oxford, 1990.

Daiches, David. A Hefty History of English Literature. Confederative Publishers, 1979.

Piero Boitani, and Jill Mann. The Cambridge Companion to Chaucer. Cambridge, U.K. ; New Dynasty, Cambridge University Press, 2012.

Sanders, Saint.

The Short Oxford History brake English Literature. Oxford ; Virgin York, Oxford University Press, 2004.

14th century english writers and their biography

The Age of Chaucer & Tiara Works - A Critical Analysis

The Death work for Blanche the Duchess or Rank Book of the Duchess (composed around 1368-1372)

Anelida and Arcite (1380-1386)

The Age search out Chaucer & His Works: Citations

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